Aerosol Therapy
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The healing properties of the thermal waters that flow from the Campi Flegrei have been known since ancient times, but many of the numerous spas in the area have fallen into ruin and been abandoned over the centuries due to both neglect and natural phenomena. For several years, the research group of Hydrological Chemistry of the University of Naples "Federico II" has been interested in studying the quality of the Phlegraean waters and the aim of the present work was to analyze the "Fonte Angelica" spring belonging to the Cantarello group to evaluate the chemical and therapeutic characteristics. A clinical study was conducted on patients with chronic rhinitis comparing the effects of mineral water with pharmacologically active substances and placebo, using qualitative assessments of subjective and objective symptoms at zero time, during treatment and at the end of the cycle of therapy, and in parallel instrumental assessments using rhinofibroscopy and nasal cytology. In contemporary medicine, thermalism seems to be revived thanks to a renewed scientific interest aimed at re-evaluating thermal therapy as a non-invasive treatment method, simultaneously allowing the recovery of that psychophysical well-being so difficult to achieve in chaotic modern life. The efficiency of the administration of drugs by aerosol depends on various factors, partly linked to the conditions of the airways but largely linked to the size of the aerosol particles and the breathing pattern. By efficiency we mean the ability of the particles to reach the small airways and therefore the pulmonary periphery. In this study, conducted at two clinical centers in Munich, regional lung deposition of aerosol particles of an oily substance administered with a compressed air nebulizer following a single breath was measured with a laser photometer. It was seen that the highest levels of peripheral deposition were obtained with particles of 2-3 microns in diameter (1 micron = 1/1000 of a millimeter) and that this deposition increased with the increase in the volume of air inhaled in the single breath, until reaching 60% of the total inhaled drug, with a flow of 250-500 ml per second. Therefore, it would seem from this study that combining the low diameter of the aerosol particles with a breathing pattern based on large volumes of air inspired per single breath (the flow would instead be of less importance) can achieve optimal results in peripheral deposition of inhaled substances.
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Aerosol Therapy